In the new normal, Edukasyong Pantahan at Pangkabuhayan is more than just a course; it is a source of income and a cure for the mental sufferings imposed by the COVID 19. Isolation, anxiety, and depression are some of the hidden struggles of most people, regardless of their age, during a pandemic. This mental disarray is from different factors. It can be because of the terrifying COVID-19 cases, the distance from our social friends, the restrictions on our actions, the loss of jobs and freedom. That mental disarray can lead to more serious acts like suicides and crimes. To avoid these negative deeds, Edukasyong Pantahan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) would like to give this checkbook that is user-friendly and easy to follow. This can make your pandemic life meaningful and fruitful.

-As much as possible, try to wake up early to smell the freshness of the morning atmosphere as well as witness how the sun defeats the moon. It will remind everyone that we are like the sun. We can defeat this pandemic at the perfect time. Right after leaving your bed, wash your face and brush your teeth to cleanse the dirt you got overnight. After that, go back to your room and make your bed.

-Failure to eat your breakfast can damage the ability of your brain to function properly. Hence, after fixing your bed, follow what your EPP instructors taught you on how to cook a delicious, affordable, and healthy breakfast. After cooking, enjoy your first meal.

-Have at least 30 minutes of rest after eating. Don't forget to drink an ample amount of water. Wash your plates and start cleaning the house.

-Sweep the floor of your house and use the mop for a deep cleaning. Clean your toilet and bath as well.

-Arrange your garbage bin. It sorts out those plastics from binpapers and other types of garbage. You can turn recyclable trash into worthwhile things that can be used at home or sell them online. Make sure everything is clean and safe.

-Arrange your cabinets. Sew those damaged clothes and iron those other clothes to make them more attractive.

- If you see your laundry baskets full, you may take the initiative to do the laundry today! Remember your EPP lessons on how to clean your clothes? Obey it, and surely your mom will be proud of you!

- After washing the clothes, try to do the gardening next. Remove the damaged leaves and water your entire garden. If you have more plants, you can also sell them online for additional income.

-Take a bath and refresh yourself.

-Cook for your lunch and eat it on time. Afterwards, clean the table and your plates.

-Take a nap in the afternoon because sleeping is a form of self-love.

-As soon as you wake up. If you wish for more income, you can utilize your vegetables or fruits in your garden to make snacks and sell them in your community.

-Eat your dinner and take a shower. Finally, sleep early for a longer life.

This is just a reminder that will definitely benefit you. Take it or leave it.

The Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) taken by 41 countries from Europe, United States, Canada, New Zealand and Asia revealed that fourth-graders performing poorly, middle school students worse, and high school students are unable to compete.

        The poor performance of the learners in Mathematics can be attributed to students' pessimistic attitude towards learning Mathematics, anxiety and fear of mathematics, inadequate teachers, poor teaching methods, inadequate teaching materials, and overcrowded classes were some of the causes of poor study mathematics results.

        Also, it was reported that there is a common belief that majority of the students dislike mathematics, owing to an array of factors related to instruction and learners’ cognitive, affective and psychomotor attributes, subject matter and the learning environment. Major reasons to dislike mathematics were related to difficulty in understanding the subject matter, and teacher or instructional related factors.

        In the Philippines, Mathematics is one of the subjects most studied, taken up at the Pre-K level all the way to college. The Philippine mathematics basic education curriculum has undertaken reforms over the years. In 1983, the New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) was implemented, followed by the New Secondary Education Curriculum (better known as the Secondary Education Development Program or SEDP Curriculum), which was launched in 1988. After curricular reviews that began in 1995, the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS, now Department of Education) decided to adopt the Refined Basic Education Curriculum (RBEC) in 2002 (Science Education Institute, 2011).

        And through another curricular reform termed as K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum based on RA 10533, the goals of mathematics in the basic education levels concentrated on critical thinking and problem solving. The specific skills and processes to be developed are knowing and understanding; estimating, computing and solving; visualizing and modelling; representing and communicating; conjecturing, reasoning, proving and decision-making; and applying and connecting (DepEd, 2016).

        Amidst the vision of the DepEd to improve the quality of Mathematics education in the Philippines, a report of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) said that the 6,601 Filipino students who took the Third International Mathematics and Science Study-Repeat (TIMSS-R) ranked 36th in both science and mathematics tests out of a field of 38 countries. The DOST revealed that Filipino participants garnered a score of 349 and 350 in science and math respectively, way below the international average of 489 in both subjects.

        DepEd’s actions to improve the Mathematics education in the country includes different programs, training teachers on improving their ability in designing mathematics teaching and learning materials (DepEd, 2017); reviewing and updating of the K to 12 program, improving the learning facilities, upskilling and reskilling of teachers and school heads, and engaging the stakeholders, such as parents and guardians of students, for support and collaboration.

With the great hope in the new K-12 Curriculum to improve the academic performance of the students in the country even in this “New Normal set-up, particularly in Mathematics, schools nationwide continuously gear towards the quality of teaching and learning of Mathematics like the Cafe Elementary School located in the province of Tarlac where some students also show their lack of mastery of the needed competencies in Mathematics as reflected in their poor assessment results.

“Math is not a spectator sport. It’s not a body of knowledge. It’s not symbols on a page. It’s something you play with, something you do. “

Mathematicians often receive several compliments for their incredible ability to solve mathematical problems quickly. Who wouldn't be fascinated by their aptitude for solving problems and calculating x and y values? The majority of people avoid making inquiries about arithmetic or numerical facts. One of these mathematicians is one of the math professors. They are rewarded because they not only solve mathematical issues but also serve as role models for students who will follow in their footsteps. More than their wit and talents, what sets them apart is their creativeThe pandemic is a health catastrophe in which life and death are on the line. In this situation, everyone will benefit from adequate health care. Tragically, pandemics are like giant rocks in low-developed countries, preventing them from surviving and progressing in life.

The Philippine healthcare system is described as "fragmented" by the World Health Organization (WHO). Unfair and asymmetrical access to health care has a long history of disproportionately affecting the poor. The government spends little money on the program, resulting in substantial out-of-pocket expenses and widening the wealth disparity. Given the current state of the Philippines' health-care system, the presence of a pandemic will undoubtedly add to the burdens and challenges faced by underprivileged Filipino families. There will come a day when they will have no choice but to wait for their death.

Healthcare facilities, medical transportation, patients, and healthcare employees and their families are all becoming targets. Attacks on health care facilities in response to the COVID-19 epidemic vary widely depending on the setting, ranging from the use of heavy weaponry against health facilities to the stigmatization of care professionals. In this rapidly changing environment, failing to secure health care exposes health systems to crucial service shortages at a time when they are most needed. Acts of violence committed during the COVID-19 pandemic have already deprived hundreds of people of medical care in fragile and conflict-affected nations. The bombing and destruction of a 400-bed hospital in Libya, for example, significantly hampered health officials' and humanitarian organizations' capacity to prepare for a full-fledged outbreak.

Violence, discrimination, and harassment have been recorded by healthcare personnel in other nations where attacks on healthcare have been detected. The way we communicate about COVID-19 is crucial in encouraging individuals to take effective steps to combat the disease and safeguard health care. The World Health Organization (WHO), governments, and civil society have taken the initial measures to safeguard health systems by addressing both the causes and consequences of attacks on health care. The international community has asked for ceasefires in conflict-affected areas to prevent attacks on key infrastructure like health institutions and water and sanitation systems. The International Committee of the Red Cross published a checklist for a safer pandemic response as part of its Health Care in Danger campaign.

Health education encourages people to have a healthy lifestyle and raises awareness of the value of good health. This can be accomplished by professionals participating in the education of individuals on how to live a healthier life. Health education isn't limited to the classroom. It's part of the real world, where a solution, not violence, blaming, or discrimination, is the only way to end the health-care crisis.

The word "administration" stems from the Latin word "minister" or "ministic," which signifies service to others for their benefit. The school administration develops an education strategy, plans and implements numerous programs and activities, evaluates results, and improves performance in light of clearly defined educational goals. It is humanistic, flexible, constructive, result-oriented, and goal-oriented, rather than a system of rules or regulations to be obeyed by all parties involved. The practical implementation of educational programs is a priority for school administration. It is the art of regulating all school aspects, programs, and policies in order to attain desired educational goals.

The principal and management of a school are in charge of making all of the choices essential for the school's efficient operation as well as allocating work among the employees. Special attention should be paid to the aspects of the planning stage because it is the foundation of effective school management. Similar to a common saying, failure in planning is like planning to fail. The planning stage entails conceptualizing and deciding what activities and programs have yet to be implemented in the school that have desirable outcomes for everyone.All school activities must be organized. Hence, planning makes everything organized. Included in the planning stage is informing the staff members of their duties and responsibilities in the school's administration.

School budgets should be created at the start of the school year, taking into account the school's potential expenditures and income. The income of a school and the amount of money it has to spend on its programs and facilities influence how far it can go. The administration should ensure that the required number of staff members are present at the start of the session. The required pupil-to-teacher ratio must be maintained. The library, laboratory, sports, crafts, agriculture, records, stationary materials, and other essential equipment must all be considered.

Work should be distributed evenly among the employees. Students are instilled with excellent habits and qualities through co-curricular activities. Extracurricular events will enhance the experience and develop the academic talents and skills of the students. Also, it will serve as a break for the learners after a tiring academic week while they still acquire the learning of the things that are not part of the books but more on experience. To meet the health requirements of students, health education is an important component of school organization. This is important, especially in the conduct of limited face-to-face classes as part of the new normal.

Indeed, school administration is a huge variable that has an impact on all of the factors of school success. A competent and accountable school leader must be prioritized so that academic breakthrough is still unstoppable.

The Philippines is one of the countries that practices democracy. Democracy is the form of government in which everybody has equal rights and obligations to ensure that nobody is at the top while many citizens are left behind. One of the practices of democracy is establishing a government body to represent the students inside a school premises. Elections, participation in a constitutional representative parliament, and other activities will be used to create a living workshop of democratic processes. Student Councils are built to promote law and order as well as the school's and community's overall well-being. Also, they are expected to make a positive difference in students' educational experiences by involving them in school activities. The principal's role is to establish and provide leadership and service opportunities in the local school and community. Participation in district, state, and national meetings and organizations to foster the personal growth of student leaders is given to all officers in the Student Council and other student leaders.

Additionally, they raise understanding of human interactions, power systems, and how to work effectively within them. To equip students with a viable means of expression and increase their self-direction. Interaction and communication are used to promote understanding between and within groups. Student leaders help students reach their full potential by encouraging them to be well-informed, honest, engaged, and active citizens. Building not only leadership skills in today's youth, but also leadership for tomorrow's neighborhood, state, and nation is the heart of student councils.

Officers support, emphasize, and develop democracy as a way of life by immersing students in meaningful, purpose-driven activities and assisting each student in developing a genuine respect for law and order. Having a student organization focused on leadership is a way of promoting citizenship through guiding each individual in the development of a feeling of personal responsibility and earned self-respect.

Schools are urged to promote the highest academic standards and positive student engagement in learning and thinking by offering experience in problem-solving methods, as well as good citizenship and leadership skills for articulate citizens and leaders in a progressive society. The role of the principal is to ensure that his or her school contributes to all students' overall educational growth and to the development of learners who will become eloquent citizens, leaders, and future leaders.

Moreover, schools are urged to promote cultural values, create leadership opportunities for students, and assist students in earning and protecting individual rights and responsibilities through selecting projects and activities that aim to achieve goals that are important in the school community's life. These goals include fostering harmonious relationships among faculty, administration, students, and the community; instilling school pride, patriotism, and individual student development; providing real-world experiences in group development and human understanding; and strengthening personal development.

Schools are encouraged to provide students with the power and right to speak up, as well as the privilege of being heard by people in positions of responsibility, while also avoiding economic or cultural exploitation. These goals include coordinating school-sponsored student activities and evaluating them on a regular basis in terms of the goals chosen, as well as encouraging students to take on leadership roles.

Culture is important because it influences a student's self-concept, which influences academic success. There are several ways for teachers to incorporate culture into the classroom. Lessons should include activities and learning opportunities that allow students to celebrate both their own culture and the cultures of others.

Inclusive teaching strategies aim to ensure that all students feel supported so that they can freely learn and explore new ideas, feel safe expressing their opinions in a civil manner, and are respected as individuals and members of groups. People learn and improve their ability to think critically and creatively as they engage in cross-cultural conversations, especially when all learners' abilities and attributes are valued.

The curriculum should also be reviewed to ensure that there are no hidden forms of oppression, and activities used in class should be designed with the impact on students in mind. Teachers should use active learning techniques in lessons and activities to address students' diverse learning styles. Course work should be meaningful to students and should be designed to encourage them, meet their needs effectively, and invite collaboration. Traditional tests, as well as low-stakes quizzes, quickwrites, homework, responses to class questions, and group discussions, can all be used as assessments. Each student enters the classroom with a distinct set of behaviors, beliefs, and characteristics that distinguish them.

Culturally responsive teaching empowers students by imparting knowledge, skills, and attitudes through cultural referents (Ladson-Billings, 2014). It is our responsibility as teachers to learn about the behaviors, backgrounds, and challenges that our students face so that we can better address them. Obtaining this type of information can help educators better meet the needs of their students. Due to the increasing need in our changing times, teachers are revisiting how to facilitate culturally responsive lessons. Teachers can take specific steps to transform both the course curriculum and pedagogical practices.

Teachers and administrators can ensure that the classroom environment and curriculum are responsive to our society's increasing cultural diversity. These strategies will promote cultural awareness in all students, strengthen each student's sense of identity, and foster inclusion in the classroom community. Teachers should also keep in touch with one another throughout the semester or school year. Students should be encouraged to learn about and research their own ethnic and cultural backgrounds. This allows them to gain a better understanding of their own culture as well as the differences and nuances between themselves and their peers.

Recognizing these differences and creating a safe space for discussion aids in the promotion of understanding in the classroom. Remember to emphasize what is offensive as well as the difference between cultural celebration and appropriation. The classroom environment is important for fostering cultural awareness, but you should also make sure that diversity is reflected in your lesson plan. Make use of analogies and references to help students from various backgrounds connect on a personal level. Bringing in diverse speakers to add real-life context to various subjects is another excellent strategy.

Consider educational data to be a machine that generates results for students. The use of data is dependent on critical inputs from parents, teachers, students, districts, and states. By analyzing data, teachers can gain a better understanding of their students' learning abilities and challenges. It also facilitates an ingrained cultural process that relies on detailed inputs (information) to achieve the best results.

Because many countries have few systematic data on who is learning and who is not, the extent of the learning deficit is largely unknown. Monitoring can reveal changes in response to interventions designed to improve student outcomes over time, providing feedback and additional data for decision-making. Data can be used to identify groups that are underserved and performing poorly.

Data-driven decision-making fosters innovation and differentiation in order to improve student outcomes. The recommendations below provide best practices for educational data usage to ensure optimal data-informed decisions. Data collection in real time facilitates differentiation and intervention. Assessments allow for corrective instruction and demonstration of understanding.

Data collection in real time is inherently difficult. Paper-based data collection systems are inefficient, administratively burdensome, and prone to human error. Digital technology allows for more efficient, real-time data collection and analysis. This adds to the successful application of digital tools in other areas of education.

Real-time data availability benefits all stakeholders in the education sector. Administrators can use performance data to manage resources and tailor programs in an adaptive manner. Real-time performance data is quickly collected and analyzed to allow for timely decision-making and adaptation.

Challenges in normative educational data must be addressed and prepared. Inadequate funding for an assessment program may result in the program's being unable to be completed. Analysis delays can prevent data from being released on time. If the results fall short of expectations, they may be withheld. Findings may be rejected if they do not respond to system needs, are not actionable, or are not linked to viable policy options.

All relevant stakeholders should be involved in the design and implementation of an assessment to address issues of credibility and acceptability. Continuous technical training for current and potential employees is required to ensure quality while allowing for attrition. Existing structures, policy-making, and decision-making processes within ministries can also be impediments to data use.

The data is used by teachers to evaluate a student's performance, strengths, weaknesses, and progress. Additional information about a student's background enables the teacher to identify potential causes of poor performance and implement corrective measures. Data can also be used for self-evaluation to identify areas where teachers' pedagogy or classroom management could be improved. Headteachers establish and oversee school practices, programs, and policies. Parents require raw achievement data as well as information on teachers' classroom practices and their impact on student outcomes 

The culture of patriarchy in the Philippines states that men dominate women in many aspects. Way back then, only men had the right to vote and they mostly gave the final decision. Moreover, it shows that only men have the privilege of receiving an education. Due to its unfair approach, it was slowly eradicated in the Philippine context.

In the modern Philippines, women can also do what men can do. Similarly, women have the right to apply to men. Girls' education and empowerment have made a difference and are constantly making a difference. There are lots of women who testify that empowering womanhood is also a great factory of a country's progress. There are women who testify that positions in national and local government can also be handled by them. Miriam Defensor Santiago, who is very close to the heart of the young, shares, amazes, and influences several people because of her words.

Women and girls are disproportionately affected by poverty. Women make up 66 percent of the world's 774 million illiterate population, which is a staggering figure. Education can boost a woman's lifetime earnings by up to 20%. It can also reduce societal gender stereotypes, which promote women's advancement to higher-paying and decision-making positions.

Education enables women to devote their time to learning rather than becoming victims of adolescent pregnancy, resulting in an increase in their socioeconomic status. Quality education for women and girls is the most effective means of achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals of quality education and gender equity. Women are empowered by education to thrive socioeconomically and make better decisions about their health and future.

In countries affected by fragility, conflict, and violence, girls are 2.5 times more likely than boys to be absent from school. Only 36% of girls complete lower secondary school, compared to 44% of boys. Ending child marriage could generate more than $500 billion in benefits each year. Gender equality is critical to achieving the Girl's Empowerment and Education goals of ending extreme poverty and increasing shared prosperity.

Education's transformative power for girls and their allies cannot be overstated. Education is the most effective tool for combating harmful gender stereotypes, boosting girls' confidence, and providing them with the skills they need to lead. We must ensure that our educational systems do not reinforce but rather uproot harmful stereotypes.

A person can learn in a variety of cases. It can be based on academics, personal experiences, or even reading. Reading is a process that also includes an in-depth analysis of the messages hidden in a specific passage. Reading can be explained using a variety of theories. The Bottom-up Theory and the Top-Down Theory are the best examples.

Bottom-up Theory and Top-Down Theory are best explained using a ladder scenario. Assume you are on the second floor of your home and will take every step down to the first floor. This clearly states the Top-Down Theory. On the other hand, if you will start on the first floor and will take the stairs to reach the second floor, it depicts the Bottom-up Theory. Now consider how these two concepts define the relationship between reading and learning.

Bottom-up Theory begins with feature processing and ends with information comprehension. In this model, the reader will eventually learn by recognizing letters and sounds. Following that, the understanding of word definitions occurs. The third stage will be phrase interpretation, which will be followed immediately by understanding the message of each sentence. The final stage involves the interpretation and analysis of the data presented in the book. According to Lynch (2021), the bottom-up model is used to teach children to read at an early age, beginning with the simplest steps and progressing to complexities as their ages mature. Furthermore, it contends that recognition and recall of letters and sounds indicate rapid literacy growth. It also has five reading features, including phonemic awareness, vocabulary, fluency, comprehension, and concluding thoughts. Bottom-up Theory provides an answer to the question, "Is that something that I've seen before?".

On the other hand, Top-Down Theory answers the question “What am I seeing”. This theory is a concept-driven learning model that begins with a general message of text going to specific letters or sounds. The reader's brain is the foundation of this theory. It implies that readers have a significant impact on the text. As a result, the reader's prior knowledge will be used to make inferences. Inferences will be validated using a specific text. A reader can interpret a message in a book without having to be familiar with letters and sounds. The primary goal of this approach is content comprehension rather than letter and sound familiarization. In this theory, the amount of information obtained from the text is essential.

Top-down Theory and Bottom-up Theory are opposed. However, they still have common grounds. They both consider reading to be a form of education. Learning takes time and reaches educational growth.